Coronary Angiography (CAG)

About the Procedure

Coronary Angiography (CAG) is a specialized imaging procedure used to visualize the coronary arteries—the vessels supplying blood to the heart. By injecting contrast dye through a catheter and capturing X-ray images, doctors can identify blockages, narrowing, or other abnormalities. CAG is essential for diagnosing heart conditions and planning treatments such as angioplasty or stent placement.

Common Reasons for CAG

• Chest pain (angina)
• Shortness of breath
• Abnormal stress test results
• Suspected coronary artery disease
• Heart attack evaluation
• Pre-surgical cardiac assessment

Before the Procedure

• Do not eat or drink 6–8 hours prior to the procedure
• Inform your doctor about medications, allergies, and past heart conditions
• Blood tests and ECG may be required
• Stop certain medications if instructed
• Shaving of the wrist or groin area may be done for catheter insertion

During the Procedure

• A catheter is inserted through a wrist (radial) or groin (femoral) artery
• Contrast dye is injected to visualize coronary arteries
• The procedure typically lasts 20–40 minutes
• Patients are usually awake but sedated

After the Procedure (Post-Operative Care)

Recovery after CAG is usually quick, particularly for radial-access procedures.

• Rest for several hours after the procedure
• Keep the catheter insertion area clean and dry
• Avoid heavy lifting for 24–48 hours
• Drink plenty of fluids to flush contrast dye from the body
• Report any swelling, pain, or bleeding at the insertion site

Possible Complications

• Bleeding at the catheter site
• Allergic reaction to contrast dye
• Irregular heartbeat
• Blood vessel damage (rare)
• Heart attack (very rare)

When to Contact Your Doctor

• Increasing pain or swelling at the catheter site
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Fainting or dizziness
• Fever or chills